Agency Theory and Corporate Governance

Agency Theory and Corporate Governance Introduction Stakeholders, management, and employees are fundamental parties of organizations, who work collectively to achieve the same goals. The shareholders, who are the main owners of organizations, have a working relationship with the managers, as they always urge the management to strive towards achieving the organizations’ goals and objectives. The agency theory elucidates the relationship that exists between the shareholders and the executives of the company. Shareholders and principals are concerned with daily activities of organizations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Agency Theory and Corporate Governance specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conversely, many shareholders perceive that managers do not work towards achieving the goals of organizations. Instead, shareholders hold that managers use their positions as opportunities of achieving their personal goals. Therefore, a values conflict arises betw een the owners and the principals of organizations. Consequently, the conflict compels shareholders to control and oversee the operations of organizations through corporate governance. Thus, the purpose of this essay is to analyze the conflict of values between the shareholders and the managers. The Components of Values Conflict In organizations, conflict of values occurs when shareholders, who are the owners of organizations, develop a feeling that managers, who are responsible for the daily activities of organizations, are using their positions as avenues of achieving their personal objectives. Values conflict is associated with managers who use the organizations to meet their own objectives, instead of the values that shareholders have concerning the organizations. Stakeholders perceive that managers do not invest enough time, money, and efforts in boosting organizations to achieve essential growth and development. Conversely, some managers perceive that shareholders want the org anizations to achieve their own interests at the expense of employees. Protagonists believe that shareholders only think about revenues and profit margins of the organizations, but not the overall welfare of the workforce and sustainability of the organizations. Some components of the values conflict include the perceptions held by shareholders and the management concerning administration of the organizations, the attitudes of the shareholders and managers, the level of suspicion among the parties involved, and the arguments presented by the parties. The Reasons and Rationalizations that the Protagonist Must Counter From the shareholders perspective, managers do not invest enough efforts, money, and time towards organizations’ performance without external control and the application of corporate governance. Instead, managers use their positions to meet their own interests, a behavior deemed as opportunistic by shareholders. Therefore, shareholders observe that devoid of effec tive corporate governance, managers cannot sustain organizations to survive in the competitive markets. Shareholders fear that organizations can fail to maintain their market share, and consequently collapse. According to managers, organizations can always succeed through the efforts that employees and the management apply, but not through external incentives such as performance based pay, which aims at increasing organizational performance. Managers believe that the main goals of the organizations are not profits and revenues, but sustainability and the capacity for delivering the best products that meet the needs of consumers. According to the protagonists, the reasons and rationalizations that shareholders need to understand is that the nature of competitive organizations is achievable through passion, willingness, and collective cooperation among stakeholders. Thus, protagonists believe that incentives from shareholders are not practical strategies of improving organizational pe rformance in a sustainable manner.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More What Key Parties Will Gain or Lose from Corporate Governance? In successful organizations, shareholders reap benefits, as they receive increased dividends and profits that accrue in these organizations. Consequently, managers and employees experience the accomplishments and receive incentives such as promotions, rewards, and increased remuneration. Among organizations, success transpires when managers and employees work hard, deliver products of the desired quality to consumers, and undertake the right measures geared towards organizational performance. However, protagonists perceive that incentives proposed by stakeholders to enhance performance will hamper organizational growth and development. Incentive contract dictates that the higher the fixed pay or salary, the lower the performance of manage rs in achieving organizational goals. From the incentives, managers and employees will only focus on the requirements of the shareholders, who will dictate the organizational development towards their preferred direction. On the other hand, shareholders stand to benefit from the incentives, since they will have a complete dominance of the organizational operations. Therefore, shareholders will be in a good position to steer organizations to increase performance, and consequently generate optimum profits and revenues. Conclusion Conflict is a common scenario in organizations due to differences in values held by shareholders, managers, and employees. Shareholders believe that organizations need to maximize profits, increase revenues, and enhance performance. On the other hand, managers think that organizations can succeed through innovation, creativity, motivation, and hard work on the part of management and employees. According to managers, the innovative nature of employees and mana gers can fail to effect necessary changes, if shareholders impose performance contract incentives on them. The innovative and creative nature of management and employees will not materialize, since the workforce will work hard to achieve the objectives that stakeholders need. Conflict usually arises when shareholders suspect that managers use organizations to meet their personal objectives. This compels shareholders to initiate a corporate governance, which is a strategy aimed at controlling the operations of managers in organizations without necessitating their actual presence. Managers believe that performance based on incentive contracts is not effective. Protagonists feel that organizations require some level of independence to capitalize on their efforts, money, and resources in improving organizational performance.

Italicizing Foreign Words

Italicizing Foreign Words Italicizing Foreign Words Italicizing Foreign Words By Maeve Maddox Karin-Marijke Vis wrote: What to do with foreign words? Do I put them in Italics, or in single or double quotes? And then, is there a difference in for example the word retsina, that my dictionary knows, or kafà © that the dictionary doesnt know [both words relate to a story in Greece]. Same about Indian words, are nan and puja officially acknowledged words or should they be written in Italics, or with quotes? Whether or not to italicize foreign words depends upon the words familiarity to the intended audience, the context in which the word appears, and the frequency with which the word appears in a given text. In American usage, if a foreign word has an entry in Merriam-Webster, it need not be italicized. According to that rule of thumb, kafà © and nan would be italicized; retsina and puja, not. However, if the writer feels that a word is largely unfamiliar to the intended audience, italicizing it may be the reasonable thing to do, dictionary entry notwithstanding. If the word is going to be used frequently in the text, then it need be italicized only the first time it is introduced. For example, in a story with a Hindu setting, the word puja would probably occur frequently. The first time it could be defined as a Hindu act of worship and thereafter used without italics. Here are some guidelines for the use of italics with foreign words in an English text. 1. If only one unfamiliar foreign word or brief phrase is being used, italicize it. 2. If an entire sentence or passage of two or more sentences appear in a foreign language, type the passage in plain type and put the passage in quotation marks. 3. If the foreign word is a proper noun, do not italicize it. 4. If you are using two foreign words or phrases, one familiar and one unfamiliar, italicize both of them for consistency and appearance. 5. Common Latin words and abbreviations like etc., et al., and ibid. need not be italicized. An exception is sic, which should be italicized and placed in square brackets. Sources: MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers APA Style Guide Chicago Manual of Style Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Comparative Forms of Adjectives50 Idioms About Roads and Paths1,462 Basic Plot Types

Literacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Literacy - Essay Example The debate on literacy acquires attracts mixed reaction within given audiences. As such, clarity on the matter necessitates an analysis on active learning from a personal perspective. Active learning entails interactive session within learning forums that mandate individual participation. The segment supports imparting of knowledge through sensitive interventions that expand the learning environment. As such, a learner becomes aware of the immediate environment through use of critical thinking skills. I argue out that active learning evaluates the level of an individual’s literacy (Wood 171). Planned interactive sessions provide learning opportunities for various groups of people. The discussion on literacy during the class session generates noteworthy conclusions on the same subject. I obtained conclusive documents that literacy is a significant societal pillar that fosters individual development and improvement of general standards. Advanced literacy levels impact directly to a given community with productive results as deduced from a personal opinion. Other significant assumptions point to literacy as dominating factor of evaluating a country’s wealth. I therefore, Justify that these claims revolve around the availability of job opportunities for literate

Chinese Judiciary Achievements Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Chinese Judiciary Achievements - Essay Example Despite this strides made, china is still away from achieving a wholly independent judiciary. This has been enhanced through enormous re-education and community attitude changes are encouraged. Achievements Chinese judiciary in the past thirty years has been successful in its quest for formalization and institutionalization. The areas include but not limited to; taking strides towards regulating acts of administrative laws. The important roles played by administrative legislation toward effective legal regulation of government legislative practices are crucial for any legal system. Legislative law of the people’s republic of china for instance, has ensured a basic legal framework for managing acts of administrative legislation (China's judicial system and its reform, 2010)1. For this to be realized, Chinese government issued the ordinance regarding the procedures for the formation of administrative control and the provisions on the guide for making administrative rules. This w as a sign of institutionalization and formalization at the judiciary. Cleaning up administrative rules, repeatedly standardization acts of government legislation (Cai, 2001)2. ... clarity and coherence in lawful standards, and in its way to realizing progress in the law based government, it has initiated several cleanups aiming at government legislation particularly those related to duties and rights of administrative areas. This initiative by the Chinese government to cleanup rules, regulations and normative documents have helped with the enactment of law-based government. Building of administrative penalty system and guarding individual procedural rights. An administrative penalty refers to authorizations passed on individual, legal persons and organizations found to have violated administrative directions. Such penalties help in effective management of communal affairs, enactment of administrative objective and disciplining person found with the offense of breaching administrative law standards or derail administrative goals and avoid illegal habit. China is among the few states to have an official administrative penalty law (Cai, 2001)3. In the year 1996, the Administrative Penalty Law established the legal ideologies and processes for legal and correct penalties and putting public opinion into consideration. It became useful during the incorporation of administrative penalty actions of administrative structures into a lawful framework. Through this, unjust penalties which were common in the early 1990s were stopped efficiently. Issuance of public security law and promotion of domestic based administration has seen improvement in areas such as legislative theory, important principles, and the sorts of punishments that are appropriate for public security management, punishment processes and supervision of law enactment. This is a reflection of the progress made so far by the Chinese government towards realizing a law based state and it

Igniting Young Minds Essay Example for Free

Igniting Young Minds Essay Swami Vivekananda’s success Mantras for youth! â€Å"My Faith is in the Younger Generation, the Modern Generation, out of them will come my workers. They will work out the whole problem, like Lions.† Swami Vivekananda expressed this confidence in the youth of this country exactly 50 years before the end of Colonial Rule while speaking to a mammoth gathering of youngsters in Madras. Swami ji himself was the embodiment of youth, dynamism and vibrancy. The life and ideals of Swami ji are the greatest inspiration for the youth of our nation. In a short life of 39 years, 5 months and 22 days, this great man conquered the entire world with his message. Many great personalities both in India and across the world became deeply inspired by Swami ji. The writings of Swami ji can ignite the minds of the reader.. Anybody who has come into either direct or indirect contact has witnessed an ocean of change in his or her life. Today, the youth of this country faces various challenges and I am certain that the message of Swami Vivekananda has the power to wonderfully guide them into the future. PURPOSE OF LIFE Swami ji always held that the real birth of the individual takes place when the purpose of his life germinates. He believed that he who does not have a purpose is nothing but a walking-talking corpse.It is extremely important not to decide the purpose of life with the narrow objective to be something or the other. Think of doing not becoming and in this process you will certainly become something. Once the purpose of life is clear, all actions of life become driven by that purpose. SELF-CONFIDENCE A precursor to do anything in life is to have confidence in the self. Swami Vivekananda attached more importance to self-confidence than even faith in God! â€Å"He is an atheist who does not believe in himself. The old religions said that he was an atheist who did not believe in God. The new religion says that he is an atheist who does not believe in himself,† he famously stated. Unfortunately, we have limited ourselves without knowing our capabilities. Many times we feel that we can do ‘only this much’ despite being blessed with tremendous capabilities. If our youth is determined, there can be nothing impossible for them to achieve in the world! But, for this we must regain our self-confidence. Swami ji always believed that everything that is happening around us be it small, big, positive or negative gives us the opportunity to manifest the potential within. DEDICATION For any endeavor to attain the pinnacle of success, dedication to the cause is absolutely essential. Swami Vivekananda once said, â€Å"To succeed, you must have tremendous perseverance, tremendous will. ‘I will drink the ocean’, says the persevering soul; ‘at my will mountains will crumble up’. Have that sort of energy, that sort of will; work hard, and you will reach the goal.† Another quality that Swami Vivekananda spoke of was patience. He said, â€Å"Be like the pearl oyster. There is a pretty Indian fable to the effect that if it rains when the star Svà ¢ti is in the ascendant, and a drop of rain falls into an oyster, that drop becomes a pearl. The oysters know this, so they come to the surface when that star shines, and wait to catch the precious raindrop. When a drop falls into them, quickly the oysters close their shells and dive down to the bottom of the sea, there to patiently develop the drop into the pearl. We should be like that.† Very often, it so happens that we take on a task with immense enthusiasm but as time passes by, the same enthusiasm fizzles out. Pursuing a challenge with utmost dedication is indeed a road to success for our youth. TEAMWORK This era belongs to organization and teamwork. Be it any sector from science, technology to business, teamwork constitutes a major cornerstone to attaining the desired results. When he was in USA, Swami Vivekananda was greatly impressed by the spirit of teamwork there and he thought of the need to re-vitalize this spirit of teamwork in India. Leading by example, he founded the Ramakrishna Mission and organized Sanyasis to work towards nation building. Friends, if the present youth walks on the hallow path of Swami ji’s ideals and beliefs it will merely be a matter of time before India adorns the mantle as the leader of the World. In any case, we are the most youthful nation in the world but simply that is not enough. It is necessary to arm our youth with the relevant knowledge and skill that will convert this mammoth potential to desired results. India is celebrating Swami Vivekananda’s 150th Birth Anniversary and Gujarat is commemorating the entire year as ‘Yuva Shakti Varsh’. It is indeed high time that we resolve to follow these ideals of Swami Vivekananda and take this youthful nation to greater heights as the leader of the world.

Where Im Calling From Essay -- Where Im Calling From Essays

Where I'm Calling From   Ã‚   Sickness is a part of life, and sometimes a gateway to death. There are many different kinds of sickness- some that strike hard and fast, and others that are slow, painful, and consuming. Alcoholism is a sickness of the latter variety. It slowly takes over a victim's life, ripping away loved ones while ravaging the victim's body from head to toe- beginning with the mind. The healing process is all that can rescue one from sickness- it is the only way to stray from its path and avoid death. In Raymond Carver's, "Where I'm Calling From," the narrator's attempted recovery from years of alcoholism is documented in detail. The story specifically focuses on the damage that alcoholism does to relationships, and how recovering from that damage can be the most difficult part of the healing process.    The narrator begins the story in Frank Martin's drying-out facility. He is a drunk, and has checked into the home for the second time. At the beginning of the story, some of the physical dysfunctions associated with the disease are revealed, and they range from shakes and tremors to seizures. This part of the story is used by Carver to display the physical problems that result from withdrawal from alcohol. It is clear that these problems are significant, but overcoming them doesn't compare to the task of repairing the bonds with family members and friends that have been destroyed. In this story, the healing process is quite unique for the characters in that it involves a large group of men, all suffering from the same illness, pulling together and supporting each other through the pain- almost like a modern day leper colony. They are separated from their family and friends, and are ... ...e call to his wife. "She'll ask me where I'm calling from, and I'll have to tell her...There's no way to make a joke out of this" (Carver 296). That is what it all comes back to. He will have to tell her that he is still trying to get well, and he must hope that she'll wait for him. His disease is what cost him his marriage, and there is no way he can bring himself to joke or lie about it. He realizes that it is all his fault. The narrator's disease is unique in that his physical addiction will never be cured, but he still has hope of finding happiness and love by refusing to drink. And, if he is to survive, it will be his need for both love and happiness that must control him, and steer him clear of the path of sickness.    Works Cited Carver, Raymond. "Where I'm Calling From." Where I'm Calling From. New York: Random House, Inc., 1989. 278-296.

Parental Involvement in the School Setting

As the diverseness of the United States school system continues to turn, the pedagogues of today are progressively strained to supply the best instruction possible for every kid. Regardless of the physical assets or funding a school may hold, indispensable resources remain: the parents of the pupils. But with the altering demographics of pupils ‘ households and more feverish agendas, is the room female parent ( or father ) outlook many instructors might hold realistic in today ‘s society? In peculiar countries of the state, it is more common to see stay-at-home female parents or male parents, or parents with flexible work agendas, due to greater richness. It is typically this type of single that we associate with room female parents ( or male parents ) who are assisting in the schoolroom. While all socioeconomic groups stand to profit from parental engagement in the schools, Lam ( 2002 ) acknowledges that parent engagement helps â€Å" provide pupils with the attending and resources they lack from school. † Schools with less money, so, should profit most from the activity of parents in the schoolroom. When instructors in urban or rural schoolrooms lack books or stuffs, parents can come to the deliverance by going involved at school. Schools that are going more racially diverse can harvest great benefits from parental engagement. Hill et Al. ( 2004 ) found that parent engagement in faculty members related positively to achievement for African American pupils. For urban, low-income pupils in the Head Start plan, engagement of parents in the schools helped better behavior behaviours, hyperactivity, and a deficiency of attending. This is peculiarly true when engagement in the school accompanies educational support at place. ( Fantuzzo, McWayne, and Perry 2004 ) The issue that arises is that many parents in the communities in demand do non hold the ability to assist in the traditional sense. For illustration, parents in an underprivileged country may be working multiple occupations to prolong their households, and it is non an option to pass an hr a hebdomad with his or her pupil ‘s schoolroom. Or immigrant parents may experience unable to assist because they do non talk the linguistic communication used in the school. And possibly the parents are ashamed about their ain degree of academic attainment and their inability to assist their kids with school assignment. A 2004 survey by Hill et Al. found that parent engagement in school from 7th through 11th class helped diminish behavioural jobs, which in bend related to accomplishment and aspirations. However, this was merely the instance for parents with higher educational degrees themselves. For the lower parental instruction group, the lone facet schoolroom engagement helped was with aspirations. One ground for this consequence may be a cyclical procedure identified in a survey by Englund et Al. ( 2004 ) Parents who themselves are knowing will supply better direction to their kids prior to schooling. This educational support early in life correlatives with a higher IQ, and a higher Intelligence quotient additions parent outlooks for their kid and parent engagement in the schoolroom. Contradictory grounds exists every bit good, saying that parents ‘ instruction degrees do non impact their engagement in schools, because instruction may be a contradictory factor with employment, clip, or oth er variables. An illustration of how the typical parental engagement strategy of some instructors does n't work is evidenced in Martinez and Valazquez ‘s 2000 article on Latino migratory workers. They write that instructors typically hold the outlook that parent engagement in their kids ‘s instruction should go around around fixing kids for school, coming to school-sponsored events, and making activities the instructor petitions. However, the life fortunes of many Hispanic migrator workers prevent them from carry throughing this function. When these persons lack clip, eloquence in English, and educational attainment, they find they are unable to run into teacher outlooks. It is non that they are unwilling – it is that they are incapable given their state of affairs. Evidence shows that acquiring parents involved in their kids ‘s schools can merely take to positive consequences, but many parents in our multicultural society are unable to mirror the typical â€Å" involved parent † image many instructors hold as a criterion. Influences of employment can impede the clip available for assisting in the schoolroom, and embarrassment about educational degree or linguistic communication proficiency deter those who would otherwise be able to be active in the schoolroom. An essay by Cotton and Wickelund ( 1989 ) points out that parents from deprived backgrounds can do a difference and experience worthwhile in the schoolroom if given proper preparation and encouragement by the school disposal and instructor. While pedagogues learn how to better turn to the demands of pupils in the diverse schoolroom, the demands and desires of parents should be considered a cardinal factor in the success of these kids. To better the engagement of parents in schools, instructors should believe outside of the typical meetings and chaperoning field trip roles that merely certain parents can afford to carry through. An article in Parents magazine describes options such as keeping a school web page or staffing a prep hotline. Parents who speak non-English linguistic communications could assist pass on assignments with pupils who speak the same linguistic communication. Teachers can videotape or telecast meetings and events so people who are non free during the school twenty-four hours can see them at a clip more convenient for them. Addressing the demands of the household and community as a whole is another manner to promote engagement by a diverse population, as advocated in an Education World online article. Making a household centre at the school to promote communicating allows parents to halt by the school at their convenience. Family needs can be assessed to supply for greater attention for the household unit and community. For illustration, if a household needs societal service referrals or improved entree to healthcare, the school can move as a affair to guarantee that these basic demands are met. Children can larn better in schools when they are healthy and supported, and trust between the parents and the school can be established when households know the kids are being cared for even beyond the school twenty-four hours. Finally, leting parents and households to take part in the ways in which they feel comfy can do being involved a less intimidating undertaking. Teachers and decision makers understand that making a supportive educational environment for their pupils is the first measure toward academic success. While it is hard to command precisely how the parent-child interaction occurs outside of the schoolroom, research shows that acquiring parents involved in the schoolroom can assist kids of all backgrounds reach their educational ends. However, there is a demand for alteration in the eyes of pedagogues as to what defines â€Å" parental engagement. † As our communities evolve and become progressively diverse, it is indispensable to be cognizant of the reserves parents may hold about being active in school. Thus it is the school ‘s duty to measure the demands of the community and the accomplishments parents can supply, and so supply parents with the flexibleness, adjustments, and encouragement necessary to include all parents in the educational system. Parental Involvement In The School Setting As the diverseness of the United States school system continues to turn, the pedagogues of today are progressively strained to supply the best instruction possible for every kid. Regardless of the physical assets or funding a school may hold, indispensable resources remain: the parents of the pupils. But with the altering demographics of pupils ‘ households and more feverish agendas, is the room female parent ( or father ) outlook many instructors might hold realistic in today ‘s society? In peculiar countries of the state, it is more common to see stay-at-home female parents or male parents, or parents with flexible work agendas, due to greater richness. It is typically this type of single that we associate with room female parents ( or male parents ) who are assisting in the schoolroom. While all socioeconomic groups stand to profit from parental engagement in the schools, Lam ( 2002 ) acknowledges that parent engagement helps â€Å" provide pupils with the attending and resources they lack from school. † Schools with less money, so, should profit most from the activity of parents in the schoolroom. When instructors in urban or rural schoolrooms lack books or stuffs, parents can come to the deliverance by going involved at school. Schools that are going more racially diverse can harvest great benefits from parental engagement. Hill et Al. ( 2004 ) found that parent engagement in faculty members related positively to achievement for African American pupils. For urban, low-income pupils in the Head Start plan, engagement of parents in the schools helped better behavior behaviours, hyperactivity, and a deficiency of attending. This is peculiarly true when engagement in the school accompanies educational support at place. ( Fantuzzo, McWayne, and Perry 2004 ) The issue that arises is that many parents in the communities in demand do non hold the ability to assist in the traditional sense. For illustration, parents in an underprivileged country may be working multiple occupations to prolong their households, and it is non an option to pass an hr a hebdomad with his or her pupil ‘s schoolroom. Or immigrant parents may experience unable to assist because they do non talk the linguistic communication used in the school. And possibly the parents are ashamed about their ain degree of academic attainment and their inability to assist their kids with school assignment. A 2004 survey by Hill et Al. found that parent engagement in school from 7th through 11th class helped diminish behavioural jobs, which in bend related to accomplishment and aspirations. However, this was merely the instance for parents with higher educational degrees themselves. For the lower parental instruction group, the lone facet schoolroom engagement helped was with aspirations. One ground for this consequence may be a cyclical procedure identified in a survey by Englund et Al. ( 2004 ) Parents who themselves are knowing will supply better direction to their kids prior to schooling. This educational support early in life correlatives with a higher IQ, and a higher Intelligence quotient additions parent outlooks for their kid and parent engagement in the schoolroom. Contradictory grounds exists every bit good, saying that parents ‘ instruction degrees do non impact their engagement in schools, because instruction may be a contradictory factor with employment, clip, or oth er variables. An illustration of how the typical parental engagement strategy of some instructors does n't work is evidenced in Martinez and Valazquez ‘s 2000 article on Latino migratory workers. They write that instructors typically hold the outlook that parent engagement in their kids ‘s instruction should go around around fixing kids for school, coming to school-sponsored events, and making activities the instructor petitions. However, the life fortunes of many Hispanic migrator workers prevent them from carry throughing this function. When these persons lack clip, eloquence in English, and educational attainment, they find they are unable to run into teacher outlooks. It is non that they are unwilling – it is that they are incapable given their state of affairs. Evidence shows that acquiring parents involved in their kids ‘s schools can merely take to positive consequences, but many parents in our multicultural society are unable to mirror the typical â€Å" involved parent † image many instructors hold as a criterion. Influences of employment can impede the clip available for assisting in the schoolroom, and embarrassment about educational degree or linguistic communication proficiency deter those who would otherwise be able to be active in the schoolroom. An essay by Cotton and Wickelund ( 1989 ) points out that parents from deprived backgrounds can do a difference and experience worthwhile in the schoolroom if given proper preparation and encouragement by the school disposal and instructor. While pedagogues learn how to better turn to the demands of pupils in the diverse schoolroom, the demands and desires of parents should be considered a cardinal factor in the success of these kids. To better the engagement of parents in schools, instructors should believe outside of the typical meetings and chaperoning field trip roles that merely certain parents can afford to carry through. An article in Parents magazine describes options such as keeping a school web page or staffing a prep hotline. Parents who speak non-English linguistic communications could assist pass on assignments with pupils who speak the same linguistic communication. Teachers can videotape or telecast meetings and events so people who are non free during the school twenty-four hours can see them at a clip more convenient for them. Addressing the demands of the household and community as a whole is another manner to promote engagement by a diverse population, as advocated in an Education World online article. Making a household centre at the school to promote communicating allows parents to halt by the school at their convenience. Family needs can be assessed to supply for greater attention for the household unit and community. For illustration, if a household needs societal service referrals or improved entree to healthcare, the school can move as a affair to guarantee that these basic demands are met. Children can larn better in schools when they are healthy and supported, and trust between the parents and the school can be established when households know the kids are being cared for even beyond the school twenty-four hours. Finally, leting parents and households to take part in the ways in which they feel comfy can do being involved a less intimidating undertaking. Teachers and decision makers understand that making a supportive educational environment for their pupils is the first measure toward academic success. While it is hard to command precisely how the parent-child interaction occurs outside of the schoolroom, research shows that acquiring parents involved in the schoolroom can assist kids of all backgrounds reach their educational ends. However, there is a demand for alteration in the eyes of pedagogues as to what defines â€Å" parental engagement. † As our communities evolve and become progressively diverse, it is indispensable to be cognizant of the reserves parents may hold about being active in school. Thus it is the school ‘s duty to measure the demands of the community and the accomplishments parents can supply, and so supply parents with the flexibleness, adjustments, and encouragement necessary to include all parents in the educational system.

Whole Foods Market Case Questions

1. What are the chief elements of the strategy that Whole Foods Market is pursuing? Is Whole Foods' strategy well matched to market conditions in the food retailing industry? The chief element of the strategy that whole food is pursuing is providing the finest quality of products in the market that is free from preservative and other genetically engineered products that reduce the quality of being organic. They promote the vision of the whole food, whole people, and the whole planet. Whole food market is focus to extend their market to get dominant position in both the local and the international market through increase the amount of stores itself and acquisition. For high demand from customer and higher profit margin than normal food, Whole food's expansion and quality control market strategy was well matched to recent developments and conditions in natural and organic goods segment of food retailing industry. 2. Do Whole Foods Market's core values as presented in case Exhibit 3 really matter? Are they â€Å"real † or just cosmetic window dressing? Have Whole Foods' core values contributed to the company's success? Explain/support. The 7 core values are very important. It guides the company on how to achieve the company mission â€Å"bringing the highest quality products to satisfy the consumer†. The core values are also real. Through these 7 core values, the company link their own profit and growth to customer benefit, bind their suppliers with win-win partnerships and try to create an interests community involving all their stakeholders. For example, to implement the first core value â€Å"selling the highest quality natural and organic products available†, the company set â€Å"nutrition, freshness, appearance, and taste † quality standard and abundant principal categories to supply thousands of organic food and gourmet products in their store. All these value can directly deliver to customer, better satisfy their needs and lead to success in product quality and variety. 3. Based on the financial statement data in case Exhibits 9, 10, and 11, how well is Whole Foods Market performing? From E9 statement of operations, sales eventually increased 1 billion every year from 4.7 billion 2005 to 8.03 billion 2009. However, the net incomes were kept in the scale between 114 million to 203 million these years due to the increasing input of store contribution. This situation matches the expansion activities of their business operations. Then, combine with the data from E10 Return on stockholders' equity 9.02% 7.60% Working capital(in thousand) 371356 -43571 Long term debt-to-equity ratio 0.65 0.80 Long term debt-to-capital ratio 0.28 0.36 The long-term debt largely decreased from 08 to 09 which is the main difference between the 2 years. In E11, the cash provided by operation activities in 09 is more than 08 and 07. And outside the business Whole Food also have investment activities. The company was trying to earn extra profits from exchanging securities. In 07, it earned 198343 thousands; in 08 it didn't earn anything, then in 09 the company didn't have any investment activities on exchange securities. 4. How well is Whole Foods Market performing from a strategic perspective? Does Whole Foods enjoy a competitive advantage over its 3 chief rivals â€Å"Wild Oats, Fresh Market and Trader Joe's? Whole Foods Market is performing exceptionally well from strategic perspective. Whole Foods Market is performing well by increasing their locations and markets. The company has made strategies for its stores, their location, and Whole Food's product line, the design of the stores, the product quality, and marketing and for providing their customer most satisfactory service. It follows the strategy of team based management for store operations. It also offers compensation and rewards to its employees. It has also made strategies that are feasible for the purchasing and distribution of items. All these strategies are in accordance with the company's requirement and thus the company maintains a competitive advantage over its rivals due to its sustainable implementation of strategies for achieving its goals and managing the company. It acquired one of its biggest rivals Wild Oats in 2007. The company's strategy has helped it in gaining the d position in the market. 5. What recommendations would you make to John Mackey regarding the actions that Whole Foods' management needs to take to sustain the company's growth and financial performance? Whole Food was very successes on decreasing their long-term debt level while keeping their profitability and increasing sales. However, through it kept expansion through opening new stores and acquisition, the net income is not enough for big change like enter into a new area. So, I suggest Whole Food may extend their service, such as adding a fast food to go window or even a dining area in their store to better utilize their urban metropolitan store location and cooking ability. The costs of food service just need to develop the new recipe and change the store wouldn't too much but can attractive more customers.

Personal Skills Development in the Teamwork

Personal Skills Development in the Teamwork Introduction In the modern world, organizations are increasingly becoming active and uneven (Barthe 2010, p. 94). Instabilities force organizations to form groups and teams that are expected to work together in order to achieve organizational goals and objectives. An organization relies on teams and groups in delivering services to clients.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Personal Skills Development in the Teamwork specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There is increased complexity regarding the composition of teams, skill requirement, and risk management. In high reliability organizations such as the telecommunication company, teamwork plays a critical role in enhancing service delivery. A small mistake would result in serious losses, as well as complaints from customers. Working in a team enabled me to learn various coping skills (Horlick-Jones 1995, p. 310). I realized that teamwork is a tool that can be utilized to achieve high results. In the Nigerian network industry, competition is stiff implying that organizations must develop some strategies in order to outsmart their competitors. MRN employs teamwork in order to conquer its rivals. Working with other experts in the organization assisted me in understanding that teamwork entails three strategies. One of the strategies employed in enhancing teamwork is grouping individuals according to capabilities. This is upon realization that people differ in terms of talent. For instance, I was placed under the supervision of a network professional, with adequate skills on matters related to networking. This was to ensure that I learn the basics of networking in detail. In the team, there were individuals with task-oriented skills while others were team-oriented. It was the role of the manager to balance the two groups (Geschwind 2001, p. 69). In the team, the management ensured that organizational goals are achieved by modifying the tasks of indivi duals and the organization structure. This was to ensure workflow in the organization. Team competency was guaranteed in the organization through continuous training. The management at MRN capitalized on team training in enhancing team performance. Scholars define team training as the application of set of instructions that depend on well-tested apparatus. This apparatus includes simulator, lectures, and videos. In the organization, the management ensured that employees are provided with relevant training lessons each week. The main aim of management was to ensure that team training replicates the general values of learning theory.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this regard, training was meant to present information regarding basic group behaviors. Training provided team members with a chance to practice the skills they learned on a weekly basis. Working u nder the supervision of an expert was vital to my career because I could get feedback as regards to my performance (Dressel 2001, p. 39). Drawing on relevant theory and concepts, would this be described as a group or a team? Usually, there is a difference between a group and a team. However, many people fail to note the difference. A team is internally structured while the group is externally structured. A team has objectives, with tasks for each team member. On the other hand, a group is a collection of individuals who share the same objective. It may include people with similar interests. In the organization, all employees belong to a group because their major interest is to earn a salary. A number of scholars have designed theories to explain the behavior of individuals in a team. However, Tuckman’s theory is the only outstanding theory that explains the activities of individuals in a team precisely (Drake, Wong Salter 2007, p. 1975). The theory suggests that a team devel ops through various stages. When an individual joins an organization, he or she becomes an automatic group member. The employee might be an underperformer but would still be a group member. Through clear stages, such an employee would develop to become a team player. From a group, a cohesive and a task-focused team would be formed. In a small group of employees, a certain structure characterizes the group. Within the group, there is a clear task for each member. Groups evolve into teams in stages. Tuckman identified four stages as illustrated in the following graph. Forming is the first stage (Chandra 2009, p. 76). Source: TuckmanAdvertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Personal Skills Development in the Teamwork specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Identify and critically reflect on the relationship between the objectives of the project/ significant operational task and your individual role and objectives The main object ive of the project was to devise, develop, and authenticate the idea of applying opportunistic networks and relevant cognitive management structures for efficient use in future internet. The project aimed at tackling a number of problems, which were correlated to the project. The objectives of the project compared closely with my personal objectives (Biswas 2011, p. 101). In my group, I requested the management to assign to me roles that were consistent with my skills. In the global market, networking is one of the new investments that have attracted the attention of many businesspersons. Networking system provides a new way of communicating. For instance, through networking, it is possible to transfer important information, including quality images. My major objective was to study the major challenges facing the internet industry since it is very important as far as e-commerce is concerned. By working in the organization, I would evaluate the effects of networking on small business es across the country. Therefore, my broad objective was similar to the main objective of the organization, which was to develop the most effective networking system. The new system would benefit from the new technological innovations, such as the invention of Smartphone. The new networking system would help in improving the performance of various sectors, such as education, tourism, and e-commerce (Barry 2005, p. 17). Apart from the general objective, the organization had four minor objectives, which were also related to mine. The organization aimed at utilizing the new software, such as digital library, to reach out to customers. Through the new software, the company would distribute networking techniques to willing customers. Since projects must aim at benefiting the society, the organization aspired to design a culturally accepted project. Therefore, the organization had to study the cultural aspects of various communities (Carlin 2009, p. 77). Projects are sometimes resisted be cause they do not comply with the norms and values of the locals. Similarly, I always believe that any project must comply with cultural issues such as religion, norms, and principles of the locals. In Nigeria, cultural values influence the performance of the company in many ways. People would be reluctant to consume products and services produced by a culturally controversial company. The company had objective of incorporating the project to the educational system. This would help many scholars in their various fields.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Though I had my own objectives, I always ensured that the objectives of the organization are given priority. My interaction with other members of the organization was very strong and productive. Since I am a natural leader, I was always confident that everything would work out for me. Therefore, I had to control my feelings and actions in order to create a healthy work milieu. I always ensured that I communicate with relevant sections in time. Moreover, communication between employees and the managers was encouraged in the organization. I used the policy to form strong ties with the management and other members of the organization. Whenever I face any difficulty, I could reach out to the management to explain myself. I used my strong interpersonal skills to ask questions to experts. Since I understand that experience cannot be obtained by simply sitting in the office and following orders, I ensured that I visit the experts in other sections of the organization to learn more regardin g the performance of the organization. Leaders in the organization were very helpful because they always ensured that employees are comfortable. They always updated employees on what was happening in the organization. Through this interactive relationship, leaders could easily identify and solve problems in time. In fact, the rapport between workers and the management was very strong. Moreover, employees respected each other and always embraced the spirit of teamwork. This was helpful to my development since I learned that communication plays an important role in achieving individual and organizational goals. In the networking organization, leaders were frequently asking questions to employees. It was very important because it gave employees a chance to express themselves. In fact, leaders were full of self-confidence and self-esteem. The type of interaction supported in the organization made each employee comfortable. It even encouraged employees to communicate among themselves. Wh enever an issue emerged, employees were open to face the leader without the fear of victimization. Whenever the management was approached with a question, answers would be provided instantly. Leaders were so receptive because they never dismissed any one for asking an irrelevant question. In other words, leaders had enough time to listen to the problems of employees. In some organizations, leaders are always against the idea of asking questions. They would only prefer that people should follow company rules strictly. Drawing on relevant theory and concepts, and with reference to 1b, evaluate how interacting with your colleagues is helpful Interaction between the management and employees was always encouraged because it helped in generating efficiency. Workers were encouraged to post their suggestions to the management without necessarily following the bureaucratic procedures. An effective communication channel helped the organization in solving serious problems. The leaders could as k employees to explain their problems even before employees could complain. In this regard, employees thought that the leaders of the organization were caring and were concerned about the plight of employees. Unlike in many organizations, leaders at the telecommunication company asked questions personally. In other places, leaders utilize the services of the internet, such as the email, to communicate with their juniors. In this forms of communication, employees are reluctant to express facts in their messages. They would tend to respond in a way suggesting that they loyal to their bosses. However, verbal communication is very important because it allows the leader to study the attitude of an employee. In other words, the employee has an opportunity of assessing the tone and nonverbal cues of the communication. This allows the communicators in the organization to understand the communication situation. Through face-to-face communication, leaders would be able to explain their intent ions more clearly. Additionally, the leader would receive a comprehensive answer and would seek clarification. In the organization, face-to-face communication was adopted because not all employees are good writers. Some are employees are good communicators only if given a chance to express themselves verbally. Looking back on the project/ significant operational task, what would be done differently and why? Regarding the project, many things would be done differently if given an opportunity to head the project. However, the management implemented it the way it was because of lack of time and resources. Given an opportunity to implement the project, I will follow the ten basic principles of project management. In the first place, I would concentrate on interfacing. This would entail exploring all available options before choosing the implementation technique. Secondly, I would organize the project team and ensure that resources are availed in time. In the organization, resources were not availed in time, which hindered the implementation process. For funds to be released, the project committee had to wait for some time. Such delays are usually harmful to the implementation process. In the organization, those charged with the designing and implementation of the project never planned technically and strategically. This aspect of project management would produce high results. Moreover, I would have incorporated Murphy’s Law in implementing the project. Even though the organization followed the law, a few aspects were left out. For instance, not all stakeholders were identified. The management was not ready to handle conflicts. Conflicts are very dangerous to the survival of projects. However, the telecommunication company was not prepared to resolve any serious conflict. This is because measures were not yet in place to counter any conflict (Carter 2000, p. 330). The original skills audit, and PDP. This should be included within the appendices and summarize d within the main body to the report In the telecommunications company in Nigeria, I acquired various skills that are vital to my career. I must admit that acquisition of these skills called for hard work and perseverance. I must also admit that the group members were supportive. This helped me in acquiring managerial skills easily. The first skill pertains to time and organization. Time is one of the skills that people find it difficult to adapt. In the organization, time is an essential resource, which is carefully measured in terms of hours, minutes, and seconds. Lateness is not tolerated at all, and all those found reporting at work late are punished severely. The organization can cancel the day’s wages if an individual fails to give a valid reason for lateness. To some extent, I was an organized person since I scored three out of the possible maximum of five. However, I was a poor timekeeper since I always reported to work late. Moreover, I never handed in assignments in time. The management praised me for being an organized person because I was always neat and clean. In matters related to time and organization, the major indicators were timely completion of paperwork, prioritizing company tasks, the ability to handle interruptions and management of the timetable. In terms of handling pressure, I was rated the best, but I could not manage my timetable well. This is because of family commitments. However, I can improve my skills when given sufficient time and support. I believe that I will score a high grade when given another chance to work in the company (Andrzej Buchaman 2007, p. 26). Decision-making and problem solving skills were also considered to be of value in the company. Therefore, the company kept a record of each person as regards to conflict resolution mechanisms. In this field, I scored the highest mark because I had four out of the possible five marks. My decision-making skills were strong because I generated solutions to various pro blems whenever called upon to do so. For instance, I was depended upon in making decisions related to customer complain. I could offer the best solutions that would be incorporated by the section manager. In any organization, evaluation of available options is critical to making strong decisions. In the organization, I never had problems choosing the best decisions. I would simply analyze an event and choose which style, method, or model to apply. Even though I was rated the highest in terms of decision-making and conflict resolution, I still believe that more needs to be done. I wish to work hard in order to perform extremely well in this field. Another skill acquired while in the organization is planning. Planning entails putting everything in order. The role I was assigned to needed a lot of planning. The management observed that I was a good planner and decided to give me a score of four out five (Panagariya 2008, p. 32). It was suggested that I have strong planning skills. Plan ning entails leading the teams, consulting team members, allocating tasks and setting objectives. Regarding task allocation, the management commented on my skills since I collaborated well with other members of my team to come up with a strong suggestion. This was achieved through consulting team members, offering strong leadership skills, and setting objectives that are similar to those of the organization. Planning is critical to the success of any project. Through proper planning, an individual would save time, resources, and energy. Other skills included delegation, motivation, coaching, target setting, interpersonal skills, written skills, and oratory skills. In written and oratory skills, I scored three out of five. In oratory skills, it was claimed that I was weak in presenting ideas, using the telephone, and attending meetings. However, I understood the structure and the format of speaking. Regarding written communication, I did not score more because I was unable to check c ompany blogs frequently. However, I followed the company proceedings through memos and reports. I scored a high mark in interpersonal skills meaning that I could easily form relationships with other members of the team. For instance, I was sensitive to the needs of other team players meaning that I responded positively to the views of others. Moreover, I scored high because I am a good listener (Wellington 2001, p. 79). Through listening, I was able to understand the problems of others in the organization. In many organizations, the greatest challenge for employees is to relate with their seniors. This was never a problem to me. Though I was rated high in terms of setting targets, I was a bit weak in offering coaching services to other staff members. A review of resources and activities used to develop those skills. You should comment on how useful these resources and activities were in developing the identified skills. If additional resources and activities were identified, post th e submission of the original PDP you should also comment on these A review of resources suggests that the organization provided its employees with adequate materials that helped them cope with the organization challenges. For each skill, the organization had resources. Regarding time management and teamwork, the organization provided materials that helped in reviewing the activities of the previous week. Such materials would always be circulated on Friday. For instance, the organization provided sites with critical information regarding time management. The management made it mandatory for all employees to attend time management course before joining the organization. The course was meant to give new individuals adequate time management skills. Apart from issuing critical information on time management, each employee was supposed to discuss with his line supervisor matters related to lateness (Weiss 2011, p. 23). The management provided enough information on areas perceived to be wi th weaknesses. For my case, coaching was another skill that I had to improve. Just like in time management, the management provided me with several websites containing critical information on coaching skills. I had to visit the sites at least one per every two weeks. However, this was not considered an effective tool to sharpen the skills of a trainee (Tanke 2000, p. 65). Each trainee with coaching weakness was required to work with his or her supervisor for a period not exceeding one month. During this period, the trainee would learn coaching skills from the supervisor and try as much as possible to apply the same skills before embarking on normal work. No trainee would be allowed to move on without mastering coaching skills. The requirements were helpful to some of us who had coaching weaknesses. Delegation was considered a complex skill and therefore, each trainee was to work hard to achieve this skill. I was instructed to delegate a role to one of my colleagues at least once per week. I was also supposed to issue clear instructions, using understandable language. Since it is one of the challenging skills to acquire, trainees were required to dig deeper into their pockets to fund delegation-training program. However, online training institutions conduct the program. Therefore, each trainee facing problems in the field was to subscribe to an online training program that would last for one month. To ensure that the trainee understands something, the line supervisor instructed colleagues to forward their feedback for analysis (Suzuki Dastur, Moffatt Yabuki 2009, p. 12). A review of the skills developed Review of the skills reveals that the organization is committed to improving the leadership styles of trainees. The skills I acquired from the institution are incomparable to any other sets of skills. The management was always friendly and willing to listen to the problems facing trainees. Scholars of communication argue that public speaking is the most difficu lt thing in the world. In fact, they argue that an individual would prefer death to speaking in public. In the organization, I gained skills regarding oral communication (Stewart 1990, p. 19). I believe that I can use the skills to conquer the world. Coaching skills are also important to the life of any individual wishing to take up managerial roles in future. I was referred to various websites that would be of great importance to my life in the future. I learned that writing and oral skills are go hand in hand. It is impossible to separate one from the other. My training with the telecommunication company was not in vain. This is because I learned a lot. However, I noted that the company suffered from delays due to inefficient system of communication. Even though the management was competent, the planning skill was still missing. It would take various days for a simple decision to be made (Steffen 2010, p. 17). It is suggested that the organization rethinks about changing its polic y as regards to planning. As shown in the flow chart below, the process of personal development entails three things. Individual and professional skills, qualities, and knowledge are developed through practice. The most important of the three is planning. It entails prioritizing some aspects. For my case, the trainee provided an opportunity to gauge my skills. Visiting the company as a trainee was the first step towards building confidence in my profession. I was able to put theories, models, and skills into effective practice. The organization gave me an opportunity to review he skills I have learned in class for several years (Minja 2009, p. 14). Skills are acquired through learning. In fact, scholars observe that it might take several years to acquire basic managerial skills such as coaching, delegating, and writing. As things stand currently, there is a cordial relationship between the implementing partners and cooperation among them can be categorized as fair. However, this mi ght change due to the time span the project is expected to take and the changing political and economical atmosphere in the world. An incident of lack of cooperation among the implementing partners can deal a fatal blow to the successful implementation of the project. This is one temptation that has previously destroyed very ambitious projects, as Kothari (2004, p. 23) states. The project faces the potential risk of introduction of new systems into the project. The purpose of this report was to help identify skills that an individual stands to benefit from working as a trainee. The responsibility of ensuring that a trainee acquires adequate knowledge and skills is the responsibility of all the concerned members of the organization. From my experience, it is clearly demonstrated that every member of the project has a role to play in the identification of skills that the trainee needs (Safizadeh, Field Ritzman 2003, p. 560). It can be concluded that skills are hard to fetch but are e asy to maintain. Members of the organization were supportive in ensuring that employees acquire adequate skills and knowledge. However, this task should not be left to one department. It is important that the management develop some measures to counter challenges that impede skill development (Shachaf 2008, p. 132). The management has an extra responsibility of ensuring that employees acquire knowledge in the organization. List of References Andrzej, A Buchaman, A 2007, Organizational Behavior, Prentice Hall, London. Barry, M 2005, Crises in the Contemporary Persian Gulf, Routledge, New York. Barthe, G 2010, Verification, Model Checking, and Abstract Interpretation, Springer, New York. Biswas, S 2011, â€Å"Commitment, involvement, and satisfaction as predictors of employee performance,† South Asian Journal of Management, Vol. 18, no. 2, pp 92-107. Carlin, M 2009, Cross-cultural e-commerce design guidelines for American and Chinese College student populations: Results from a n empirical comparative study, Maryland, University of Maryland. Carter, S 2000, â€Å"Improving the numbers and performance of women-owned businesses: Some implications for training and advisory services†, Education Training, Vol. 42, no. 1, pp 326-333. Chandra, P 2009, Projects Planning, Analysis, Selection, Financing, Implementation, and Review, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi. Drake, AR, Wong, J Salter, SB 2007, â€Å"Empowerment, motivation, and performance: examining the impact of feedback and incentives on non management employees†, Behavioral Research in Accounting, Vol. 3, no. 7, pp 1971-1989. Dressel, K 2001, Systemic Risk: A New Challenge for Risk Management, OCED, London. Geschwind, CH 2001, California Earthquakes, Science, Risk and the Politics of Hazard Mitigation. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore Horlick-Jones, T 1995, ‘Modern Disasters as Outrage and Betrayal’, International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters, vol. 13 no. 3 , pp. 305-315. Minja, D 2009, â€Å"Ethical leadership practices†, KCA Journal of Business Management, Vol. 2, no. 1, pp 1-14. Panagariya, A 2008, India: The Emerging Giant, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Safizadeh, M, Field, J Ritzman, L 2003, â€Å"An Empirical Analysis of Financial Services Processes with a Front Office or Back-Office Orientation†, Journal of Operations Management, Vol. 21, no. 5, pp 557-576. Shachaf, P 2008, â€Å"Cultural Diversity, Information, and Communication Technology Impacts on Global Virtual Teams: An Exploratory Study†, Information Technology Journal, Vol. 45, no. 2, pp 131-142. Steffen, L 2010,The Principles of Green Urbanism. Transforming the City for Sustainability, Earthscan Publisher, London. Stewart, D 1990, Focus group: theory and practice. Sage, Newbury Park. Suzuki, H, Dastur, A, Moffatt, S Yabuki, N 2009, Ecological cities as economic cities, Eco2 Cities, conference edition, Hong Kong. Tanke, M 2000, Human Resources M anagement for the Hospitality Industry, Cengage Learning, Albany. Weiss, WH 2011, â€Å"Building morale, motivating, and empowering employees,† Supervision, Vol. 72, no. 9, pp 23. Wellington, A 2001, â€Å"Health Insurance Coverage and Entrepreneurship,† Journal of Contemporary Economic Policy, Vol. 19, no. 4, pp 27-89.

Science Fair Project Ideas for Materials Science

Science Fair Project Ideas for Materials Science Materials science involves physical science and engineering. Science fair projects can invent new materials, improve existing materials, test the properties of materials, or compare the suitability of different materials for a specific purpose. Heres a look at some science fair project ideas in this field of research. Which material is best at resisting corrosion?Which chemicals produce the most corrosion on a particular material?Which type of fabric survives repeated machine washing the best?Compare the strengths of various types of paper towels.Compare the effectiveness of different types of sunscreen products.What processes can increase the strength of metals?Which type of wood burns the most slowly? Which produces the most heat when burned?Which type of glue is strongest?How does the shape of a material affect its strength? For example, which is stronger... a wooden dowel, I-beam, U-beam, etc. of a certain length and weight?Examine how things break. Do they break in a predictable manner that you can model?How is the bond of adhesive tape affected by temperature?What type of flour produces the fluffiest muffins?How do you make a strong rope using hair? Is it better to lay fibers side by side or wrap them into a bundle or...?What materials resist fire the best?What household materials are effect ive anti-friction lubricants? What type of water filter removes the most impurities?

Corporate and business strategy case study Essay

Corporate and business strategy case study - Essay Example 2) The other key issue is that the company’s chocolates are seasoned. For example the box chocolates show the sales of almost 35% during the period of 10 weeks before the Christmas, a further 10% are for the Easter, including three million Easter eggs. Typically the company sells almost ï‚ £10m in last 72 hours of Christmas. 3) Chocolates of the company are hand made this makes the process of automated packing difficult for the boxed chocolate. The other companies on the other hand like Cadburys make moulded chocolates, which makes the automated packing easier. 4) Thorntons long-term strategy included vertical integration and product differentiation. This means the top person in the company belonged to a particular family. The product differentiation apart from the taste of the chocolate was also marked by the freshness of the chocolate. 5) One of the key issues has been the taste of the chocolates manufactured by the company. Thorntons range of the continental chocolates has made the company largest selling specialist of assortment chocolates in the UK. of Thorntons’ chocolates. However, since the demand of company’s chocolates is seasonal this puts extra pressure on requirement of the manpower during the peak season. The requirement of casual staff for packing purposes increases which leads to reduction in efficiency. Also the sales during peak season become almost ten fold hence there is requirement of extra staff at the retail stores also during the peak season. This makes the company more dependent on the casual staff. The casual staffs are quite expensive and it is not easily available. As it is the requirement of the casual staff in general in the market is more during the festive seasons. Also the casual staff is untrained, hence it has to be trained, which requires some of the resources of the company. The casual staffs have lower speed of working thus reducing the efficiency. The other critical issue is that the chocolates